Android 通过 URI 获取文件路径

之前在工作的过程中,遇到不同 Android 版本下 URI 采用不同方式来获取文件路径的问题。

因为需求的原因,要求拍照上传或者从相册中选择图片上传,而且图片是需要经过压缩的,大小不能超过2M。

很快,拍照的这部分就搞定了。那么相册中选择图片的也是一样的道理,应该也是轻松解决了。

至于选择图片的代码,如下所示:

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intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);
intent.setType("image/*");
startActivityForResult(intent, FILE_CHOOSER_RESULT_CODE);

之后就是在 onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) 中获取到 URI 。

最关键的来了,如果通过 URI 来获取文件呢?

比如,现在 URI 为 content://media/extenral/images/media/17766 ,而我们需要得到对应的文件路径。

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if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT.equals(uri.getScheme())) {
Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, new String[]{MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA}, null, null, null);
if (cursor != null) {
if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
int columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA);
if (columnIndex > -1) {
path = cursor.getString(columnIndex);
}
}
cursor.close();
}
return path;
}

原以为万事大吉,但是在 Android 4.4 及以上的手机上一试,发现根本不行。因为在 Android 4.4 及以上的手机上,获取到的 URI 变成了 content://com.android.providers.media.documents/document/image%3A235700 ,和之前我们预期的不是同一种类型。

这是因为在 Android 4.4 及以上的机型,使用了 DocumentUri 来代表获取到文件的 URI 。

所以我们又要对于 DocumentUri 进行适配。

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if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT.equals(uri.getScheme())) {
if (DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {
if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {
// ExternalStorageProvider
final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
final String[] split = docId.split(":");
final String type = split[0];
if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];
return path;
}
} else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {
// DownloadsProvider
final String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
final Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"),
Long.valueOf(id));
path = getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);
return path;
} else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) {
// MediaProvider
final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
final String[] split = docId.split(":");
final String type = split[0];
Uri contentUri = null;
if ("image".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
} else if ("video".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
} else if ("audio".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
}
final String selection = "_id=?";
final String[] selectionArgs = new String[]{split[1]};
path = getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);
return path;
}
}
}

private static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
Cursor cursor = null;
final String column = "_data";
final String[] projection = {column};
try {
cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null);
if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
final int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);
return cursor.getString(column_index);
}
} finally {
if (cursor != null)
cursor.close();
}
return null;
}

private static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}

private static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}

private static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}

好了,上面的代码还是容易看懂的。这下就解决了对于 Android 4.4 及以上的机型适配。顺便把以 file:// 开头的 URI 适配也补上:

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if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_FILE.equals(uri.getScheme())) {
path = uri.getPath();
return path;
}

完美了,下面就贴出完整的 FileUtils 代码,拿去用吧:

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public final class FileUtils {

public static String getFilePathByUri(Context context, Uri uri) {
String path = null;
// 以 file:// 开头的
if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_FILE.equals(uri.getScheme())) {
path = uri.getPath();
return path;
}
// 以 content:// 开头的,比如 content://media/extenral/images/media/17766
if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT.equals(uri.getScheme()) && Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {
Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, new String[]{MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA}, null, null, null);
if (cursor != null) {
if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
int columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA);
if (columnIndex > -1) {
path = cursor.getString(columnIndex);
}
}
cursor.close();
}
return path;
}
// 4.4及之后的 是以 content:// 开头的,比如 content://com.android.providers.media.documents/document/image%3A235700
if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT.equals(uri.getScheme()) && Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {
if (DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {
if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {
// ExternalStorageProvider
final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
final String[] split = docId.split(":");
final String type = split[0];
if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];
return path;
}
} else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {
// DownloadsProvider
final String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
final Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"),
Long.valueOf(id));
path = getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);
return path;
} else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) {
// MediaProvider
final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
final String[] split = docId.split(":");
final String type = split[0];
Uri contentUri = null;
if ("image".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
} else if ("video".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
} else if ("audio".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
}
final String selection = "_id=?";
final String[] selectionArgs = new String[]{split[1]};
path = getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);
return path;
}
}
}
return null;
}

private static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
Cursor cursor = null;
final String column = "_data";
final String[] projection = {column};
try {
cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null);
if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
final int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);
return cursor.getString(column_index);
}
} finally {
if (cursor != null)
cursor.close();
}
return null;
}

private static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}

private static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}

private static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}

}